Find your steam nozzle easily amongst the 9 products from the leading brands on directindustry, the industry specialist for your professional purchases. Mechanical power engineering department faculty of engineering. New steammax nozzles and injectors from spray technology. Rotor means which part rotate and stator means which part is fixed. The energy conversion is brought about in the following ways. If the inlet velocity of the steam is 5 ms, determine the exit diameter of the nozzle in cm. Thus, the flow of steam through a nozzle may be regarded as either an ideal adiabatic. This highvelocity motive steam then entrains and mixes with the suction fluid. Numerical study on condensation process of steam flow in nozzles. Nozzles and diffusers momentum and continuity equations duration. Nozzles and streams wabash independent networkswin. Determine the final velocity of steam from the nozzle if % heat is loss in friction.
Assume friction loss in the nozzle is equal to 10% of the total enthalpy drop. As steam expands in the nozzle, the pressure and temperature in it drop, and it is likely that the steam start condensing when it strikes the saturation line. This expansion of steam from the motive pressure to the suction fluid operating pressure results in supersonic velocities at the exit of the steam nozzle. This expansion creates a lowpressure region, which draws suction fluid into an ejector. The interactions between steam piping and boiler outlet. Steam ejector is an important component in engineering applications, which require high. Opportunities and issues varies directly in proportion to the boilers net stack temperature the difference between the flue gas temperature and combustion air temperature. Steam nozzles a nozzle is a duct of smoothly varying cross sectional area, in which a steadily flowing fluid can be accelerated to a high velocity by a drop in pressure of the fluid along the duct. Gas cooling and conditioning solutions spraying systems co. The proprietary, patentpending design of the nozzles ensures tight drop size control for precise, efficient gas cooling. The design aor was the result of a replacement steam generator rsg program at the plant. New steammax nozzles and injectors help petrochemical producer increase efficiency result in 15day payback period continued results. When whole mass of steam is converted into steam then it is called as dry steam. The problems on metastable flow cannot be solved by mottler diagram unless.
Focus of this paper is on the interaction problems between main steam and hotcold reheat steam piping and their associated boiler outletinlet headers. A convergingdiverging nozzle condi nozzle, or cd nozzle, is the only one to get supersonic flows with m 1 when chocked. Another complication in the design of steam through a nozzle is due to a phenomenon known as supersaturation. The available energy of steam is first changed into kinetic energy, and this kinetic energy is.
Steam drumthe top drum of a boiler where all of the generated steam is collected before entering the distribution system, p. The reaction effect caused by this accelerating steam imparts more. Efficiency will depend on turbine size or rotor diameter, blade geometries, speed, extreme condition of steam and other losses. Steam quality is another important performance variable.
The main use of steam nozzle in steam turbines is to produce a jet of steam with a high velocity. Solve the five most common fcc problems emeta venture. Steam nozzles the steam nozzle is a passage of varying cross section by means of which the thermal energy of steam is converted into kinetic energy. The critical pressure ratio for initially dry saturated steam is a. The critical pressure ratio initially dry saturated steam is. The motive steam actually expands to a pressure below the suction fluid pressure. Loadings on the boiler header nozzles, and stresses on the nozzles and some tees. A pressure survey can be very useful provided base readings are available when it is known all distributors are open on both the oil and steam side.
Function of nozzle applications and types flow through nozzles. The shape of the nozzle is designed such that it will perform this conversion of energy with minimum losses continuity equation is used for designing produce a jet of steam of high velocity for the. The steam which contains some water particles in superposition. Superheated steamsteam that has been heated to a very. Supersonic flow in cd nozzles presents a rich behaviour, with shock waves and expansion. View steam nozzle ppts online, safely and virusfree.
The steam leaves the nozzle at 500 kpa with a velocity of 571 ms. Steam nozzles and turbines online test multiple choice questions and answers,online quiz,online bits,interview questions and answers pdf free download skip to content engineering interview questions,mcqs,objective questions,class. This, in turn, causes slightly improved combustion efficiency. Problems in steam nozzles and turbines online quiz. Poor control of gas temperature, volume and or humidity often results in excessive emission levels, downtime due to esp overload, reduced efficiency of damage to downstream equipment, wetting and sludge buildup, and increased energy costs. Steam quality ranges from 0 to 100% and is defined as the ratio of. Steam nozzle steam nozzle objective type questions and. The variation of steam pressure in the nozzle depends upon the velocity, specific volume and dryness fraction of steam.
In some cases, steam may smother fire by excluding oxygen. High velocity is achieved through adiabatic expansion of motive steam across a convergentdivergent steam nozzle. The interactions between steam piping and boiler outlet headers in fossil power plants by james p. Nozzle and diffuser for more analyses of compressible flow through nozzles and diffusers, click the topic gas dynamics please. Steam displaces hot gases, smoke, and other products of combustion. This steam then impinges upon the moving blades and imparts some energy to them.
Steamtosteam humidifiers steamtosteam humidifiers use a heat exchanger and the heat of treated steam to create a secondary steam for humidification from untreated water. Scale and sedimentwhether formed in the unit or entrained in the supply steamare drained from the humidifier through the steam trap. Determine the desired or necessary steam quality dryness or degree of superheat. Steam jet air ejectors have a low initial cost, so are an economical means and reliable equipment for producing a vacuum. Flood jet flat fan spray nozzles are also suitable for use with air and steam. At the exit, p2 15 bar, and the velocity is 665 ms. When the dry steam is further heated at constant pressure, the temperature. Develop problem solving skills through the application of thermodynamics. Several nozzle geometries have been used in propulsion systems. Power plant instrumentation and control handbook, 2015. New steammax nozzles and injectors help petrochemical. Supersaturated flow or metastable flow of in nozzles. The new steam generators were designed to have an enhanced feedwater fw nozzle transition piece, which would mitigate andor preclude erosioncorrosion problems experienced by the original steam generator fw nozzles. As such, less steam will flow to the other nozzles with more oil.
Assuming that the steam expands isentropically according to a law pv1. During this process, velocity of fluid increases with decreasing pressure. Gas dynamics a nozzle is a device which accelerates fluid. The highpressure, hightemperature steam first expands in the nozzles emanates. Construction of steam nozzle if great pressure differences exist in front and at the back of inlet nozzles of steam turbines a secure attachment of the nozzles is sometimes rather difficult. The ejector design has basic advantages such as absence of moving parts and simplicity of operation. Unlike air atomizing nozzles that require compressed air, steammax nozzles use steam to atomize fluids and slurries. Flow nozzles are used in thermal power plants for hightemperature and highpressure steam and water flow services, for example, main steam, hot and cold reheat steam, auxiliary steam, feed water and low pressure, temperature services like various condensate flow, etc. Answer key 6 a convergent divergent adiabatic steam nozzle is supplied with steam at 10 bar and 250c. Thermal engineering by rk rajput chapter 18 slideshare. Water is heated, turns into steam in boiler and spins a steam turbine which either drives an electrical generator or does some other work, like ship propulsion.
The narrowest section of the cd nozzle is called throat. In addition, steam consumption used for atomization has been reduced by 20%. Sipchem has been able to waste 35% more acid with no performance problems and downtime has been reduced by 6%. Numerical study on condensation process of steam flow in. Understanding ejector systems necessary to troubleshoot.
The smallest section of the nozzle is called throat. It is important to understand both the steadystate load profile as well as the transient and instantaneous demands. When boiler pressure is lowered, a lower stack temperature results. Steammax nozzles provide highefficiency, costeffective atomization for precise gas cooling. Spraytech make ks series steam spray nozzles offers various capacities of mass flow rate for saturated and superheated steam which is widely used for applications such as steam purging, heating, humidification, sterilization etc. Within the moving blades the steam is turned and accelerated by the remainder of the pressure drop.
Moisture droplets in motive steam lines are accelerated to high velocities and become very erosive. Steam nozzles flow of steam through nozzles the expansion of steam through a nozzle is considered as adiabatic there is no work done during flow of steam. Pdf the present work investigates the feasibility of a methodolody for the shape. Steam nozzles ppt steam nozzles a nozzle is a duct of. Dry saturated steam is expanded in a nozzle from 1. Steamfast sf370 canister cleaner with 15 accessoriesallnatural, chemicalfree pressurized steam cleaning for most floors, counters, appliances, windows, autos, and more, 64 inches, white.
Steam absorbs more heat faster, cooling fuel below ignition temperature. Steammax nozzles produce the very small drops required for cooling and quick evaporation. Steam nozzles and turbines online test multiple choice. Nozzle is the stator part of turbine means it is fixed part. The steam flows through the nozzle with negligible heat transfer and no significant change in potential energy. Steam at 20 bar and 300 oc enters a convergentdivergent nozzle at the rate of 0. In turbines there are basically 2 part one is called rotor and another is known as stator. The difficulties are eliminated by milling or otherwise machining the nozzles into a complete or undivided solid ring. The classical quasionedimensional laval nozzle, which has a slender geometry, with a rapidly. The nozzles ensure tight drop size control over a wide range of liquid temperatures and eliminate the need for costly compressed air. Due to the high velocities, the time up to which the steam resides in the nozzle is small, and there may not be sufficient.
Steam trapa device used to remove condensate or liquid from steam systems, p. Nozzles are used in steam and gas turbines, jet engines, rockets, in flow measurement, in injectors for pumping water, in ejectors for removing air from condensers etc. Vanita thakkar bit 5 rankine cycle a thermal power plant is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. A steam turbine converts the energy of highpressure, high temperature steam produced by a steam generator into shaft work. Typically, velocity exiting a motive steam nozzle is in the range of 3,0004,000 fps. What is steam nozzle types of steam nozzle shapes introduction to steam nozzle. Numerical study on condensation process of steam flow in nozzles farag ms, elterhy aa, elaskary wa and hegazy as mechanical power engineering department, menoufiya university, shebin elkom, egypt abstract steam ejector is an important component in engineering applications, which require high vacuum, such as steam plant condenser. Ks series are available with inbuilt nrv design which allows the nozzle to work in. In simple terms, the velocitycompounded curtis type single stage impulse is easier to. Steam consumption of steam turbine is depending to required output power and efficiency of the turbine.
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